Cultural Patterns between the Sugar Industry and slavery in the Caribbean Essay

Drowning in a Glass Half Empty Essay -- Personal Narrative Hiking Essa

Suffocating in a Glass Half Empty Tediously strolling into the anteroom of my home lobby, a gathering of my colleagues assembled to set out on a journey through Poly Canyon. We wandered over to our meeting with our educator on a rock street sided by a forest of eucalyptus trees ascending like a rib confine. I questioned this would have been in any way similar to what Henry David Thoreau planned in his article â€Å"Walking,† when he portrayed strolling as being â€Å"absolutely liberated from all common engagements.† If one liberates oneself from common commitment, one may travel into care, a condition of absolute consciousness of being. We had a guide, we were a class, and we carried with us society. I conveyed a knapsack with pen and paper, a sweatshirt, and skepticism heavier than the mist we drudged through. Grounds lodging structures vanished behind us, and we were on a street twisting around slopes. I watched sprinklers watering dead grass, phone wires slicing through trees, and a dumpster brimming with squander, compounded by a vehicle going through our troupe. We had far to go before we could escape from human progress. My cynicism extended as I tuned in to my schoolmates babble in amazement about deer on the slope and heard our educator notice a harmful waste contention. One deer stood magnificently on the slope, its dull, shadowy framework about straightforward in the thick haze, while two others peered toward us with less enthusiasm than we looked at them. I had seen more deer on an open green the day preceding. One of my cohorts started her story so anyone might hear, adding to the common commitment I wished to expel myself from. Proceeding onward, I went under a stone curve onto a path where I sat and recorded my musings; drawing ... ...each, watching out to the ocean. Feathered creatures peeped, bovines mooed, cameras clicked, and a strangely quieting and consoling repetitive sound vehicle traffic were all discernible. I was separated from everyone else. At long last, my pessimism is haze. I couldn’t have delighted in the stroll as much as I managed without defeating my antagonism; in addition, I couldn’t have valued the magnificence of the mist without strolling above it, to view it completely. I walked, strolling towards a sacred land. I picked up care through taking a gander at the bowl of milk that was Poly Canyon lowered in mist, concentrating on each breath and each progression upon old stone, feeling the dew from bundle grass cool the jabs of yucca shrubbery, and venturing out to another spot in body and soul. I attempted a journey regardless of battling it as well as could be expected. Strolling steadily beat my negativity, as the morning sun gradually shriveled away the mist.

Essay Sample Shopping Tips

Essay Sample Shopping TipsThe internet is filled with essay samples and it is difficult to sift through the seemingly hundreds of choices to find the right one. There are several steps that you can take to make sure that you are choosing the right essay for your college essay. It is best to consider the following as you browse through your options:- Before you select any essay samples, consider the level of difficulty that you will be facing when writing your essay. Some samples are aimed at undergraduates, while others are geared toward a graduate student. Choosing the appropriate essay samples should be based on your specific requirements.- When you are choosing essays for your review, it is important to check to see what kind of format you will be using when writing your essay. Some essay samples are formal, while others are more informal. Your chosen essay sample should be one that fits in nicely with the style of your college essay.- The next step is to look at essay samples by topic. If you are writing about political issues, you will need to choose a topic and then choose some essay samples by topic. Look for topics that apply to you and consider the type of essay that you are looking for. You may also want to make sure that the topics are similar in your career or personal life.- Take the time to check out all of the essay samples offered. While most offer a wide variety of samples, you should spend time checking out each one to make sure that you are choosing the right one. Some sample essays may not be appropriate for your particular needs. Selecting the right sample is necessary to ensure that you get the right essay.- Finally, make sure that you get your essay samples in a format that works for you. Most essay samples are written in MLA style. Check to see if the style is correct for your academic setting before you choose a sample. Consider how much you will be able to work with the essay sample.- It is important to note that not all essay samples are designed for use by college students. Many choose to write their own essay samples and it is important to get one that works for you. A lot of sample essays are tailored for individuals who are already writing essays and there is no guarantee that they will work for you.Remember that essay samples are an important part of your final product. This can be used to ensure that you have the best opportunity to improve upon your academic abilities. If you are unsure of what type of essay you will be submitting, it is best to get as many essay samples as possible to make sure that you are getting the best possible essay.

The Gang Member Of The Eight Tray Criminal Hoover Essay

Frank Gottie is one of the most well known gang member of The Eight-Tray Criminal Hoover in Memphis. Gottie believes that gangs are becoming to spin out of control, that it needs to be a solution to gang activity. On July 10, 2016 Gottie says â€Å"I ain’t never seen heaven before, but it was like a Memphis heaven everybody was on one accord â€Å", if the gangs could be on the same page for Black Lives Matter (Jones and Fretland, 2016) . Why can’t it happen for the youth? Ar’tavius Brown was 18 years old and joined a gang called the Pirus the Blood Alliance. Brown joined gang activity in South Memphis because he saw â€Å"people with the cars, with the money†(Goggans, 2014). Brown was put with the ramifications of having a gun shoot out at Central High school,but the judge saw something within Brown and gave him a second chance. Why are these stories relevant? These stories are relevant to the gang problem because if a gang member, Frank Gottie, sees that the gang problem in Memphis has to stop then it should be addressed. The community should want a change so the generation in Memphis doesn’t fall into the typical stereotypes, they should want more for the future youth to come. Everyone(the youth) won’t have that second chance like the Memphian Ar’tavius Brown, all the youth won’t have that judge that will see the better side of the situation.The community needs to get more involved with the youth, their kids, and family; so the gang problem won’t become worse than it is becoming.

We Are Broken And Need Jesus - 1614 Words

In our brokenness it is difficult to admit that we are even broken and need Jesus. Some never get to the point where they identify that they need God, but the do often identify that the need some sort of help. I believe that it is important for us to confess our sins and wrong doings. It helps clear the conscious of what we have done that is bad and brings to light that we are broken and not perfect in this fallen world. This is one of the hardest things is not only confess that we are sinful in nature. To go along with confession of sin, it is difficult to offer forgiveness to those who have sinned against us. Those who have sinned against us have hurt us, sometimes physically but always emotionally. These wounds are hard to heal but can only be done through forgiveness. I can understand the importance of forgiveness and letting go of the hatred in our hearts, but personally living out these words and actions have been difficult for me. I have the desire to let go of transgressions that others have placed upon me, but actually following through is harder to live up to. I believe that it is easier to ask other for forgiveness than offering it to others forgiveness is the only way to emotionally move on from that particular time of pain. Through forgiveness we not only set our transgressors free from their sins, but we set ourselves free of the pain. Forgiveness and confession greatly impacts me in the way I conduct social work. I have seen the importance of forgiveness andShow MoreRelatedBad Atonement Theology And Broken Justice Systems1583 Words   |  7 PagesThe Broken Cross; Bad Atonement Theology and Broken Justice Systems Introduction As we move through Holy Week, the journey of Lent leads Christians to not simply commemorate Jesus suffering on the cross, but engage the paschal event on every level of our experiences. For me, this included questioning the impact of the execution which stands so central to Christianity. In her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, Michelle Alexander describes how the mass incarcerationRead MoreWho is Jesus? - Gabrielle McCulligh1282 Words   |  6 Pages Who Is Jesus? Jesus is the savior. He is the one who gave up his life to forgive the sins of all humankind and to give all of us a second chance at life. Jesus is Gods son, sent by God to die to save us all because God loves us and wants to give us all second chances. Growing up in a Christian home, I was taught from a young age to thank Jesus because he sacrificedRead MoreHow Organizations Hurt Themselves And The Poor978 Words   |  4 PagesMany organizations, mostly churches have an idea of great intentions of helping those in need. Making plans and offering many ideas are ways in which we feel are the ways we can help the poor. â€Å"Good intentions are not enough. It is possible to hurt poor people, and ourselves, in the process of trying to help them.† So looking and understanding way in which help is helping and not hurting. This essay will discuss some effective points on how organizations hurt themselves and the poor, integrate someRead MoreEzra And The Bible : The Year Of 468 B.c1636 Words   |  7 Pagesall, there was still an important factor to consider, the broken walls of Jerusalem need to be restored. For this reason, Nehemiah is inspired by God to rebuild the broken walls of Jerusalem. Nehemiah â€Å"Rebuilding the broken walls† Under the leadership of Zerubbabel, the temple was rectified together with some other parts of Jerusalem. Under the leadership of Ezra, the Moises law was taught to them. Nonetheless, the rebuilding of the broken walls was imminent. Nehemiah was the most trusted man inRead MoreThe Importance Of Brokenness And Total Surrender768 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one thinks of broken what comes to mind is something negative. We picture something that is useless, rejected, and ready to be trashed. Likewise, a broken person is considered to have hit rock bottom and in dire needs. However when we think of the Christian walk with Jesus Christ it is an essential characteristic. â€Å"The sacrifice pleasing to God is a broken spirit. God, you will not despise a broken and humbled heart.† (Psalm 51:17) I do believe that brokenness and total surrender are necessaryRead MoreJesus Christ Died On The Cross For Our Sins981 Words   |  4 PagesAs believers, we are constantly reminded that Jesus Christ died on the cross for our sins. His death and his resurrection are fundamental to our Christian faith. Without his death, the relationship between God and His creation would have remained broken. 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When we sin, we damage our ability to experience God’s love and to live fully with a freed conscience. Our actions have a ripple effect that affects the whole community. This means that we need to seek forgiveness, we need to ask it of the whole community that is worse off because of our sin. Reconciliation is about mending that separation, healing the broken relationships. In Romans 3:23 it says â€Å"Everyone sins, everyone fails toRead MoreAnalysis Of John Muirs The Solitude Of Now 1217 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Muir, from â€Å"My First Summer in the Sierra† (p.71) Summary of Yosemite John Muir deeply lives in the solitude of now, and integrates a sense of belonging within Yosemite when he writes, â€Å"We are now in the mountains and they are in us† (Muir, p. 72). Muir’s detailed, joyous descriptions of the Yosemite, in the mountains, valleys, forests, Yosemite Creek with falling waters, mountain creatures and plants, erupted in his writing as the very breath of his life, that soaked the exquisite sightingsRead MoreNew Testament Ussers in a New Dawn in Time from the Old Testament773 Words   |  3 Pagesof mans thinking concerning God. The disciples gleaned from the Lord 3.5 years, today that type of knowledge is known as a bachelors degree. Jesus poured his teachings and way of life into his disciples. Jesus was the 2nd Adam, he was born sinless, because the word says he was conceived of the holy ghost. Satan saw the right now and conspired to kill Jesus, but all along it was part of the greatest plan ever to redeem man back to restoration wi th God. The sin of Adam and Eve necessitated a perfect

Effective Utilization of Business Communication-Free-Samples

Question: Explains the Concept of Business Communication and its Importance in the Success of a Business. Answer: Introduction: Business communication refers to the sharing of information among the people within as well as outside the organization that is basically carried out for the benefit of an organization. In other words, business communication is the method of managing, administering and communicating with the employees for achieving the goals of an organization. It involves customer relations, employee engagement, interpersonal communication, marketing, management of reputation and event management (Kaul, 2014). Business communication is essential for the success of any business as good communication helps in building teams and it enables the leaders to communicate efficiently with his subordinates. Business communication enables sharing of information among the organizations employees that indirectly increases the productivity of the company. Business communication causes organizations to make solid association with the clients and oblige their requirements better. The organizations impart vital data like their benefits, share costs and product offerings with the help of business communication (Cornelissen Cornelissen, 2017). The group pioneers and departmental chiefs impart the imperative business choices and speak with their subordinates to obtain their cooperation. This sets up a communication channel, which implements participation and coordinated effort among the colleagues. This propels the colleagues to perform higher which at last enables the associations in accomplishing both short and long haul targets. In this way, communication is very useful in order to rouse the organizational groups and accomplish their future business target (Jin, Liu Austin, 2014). Business communication enables the organizations to inform the public about their new products and pricing strategies, which helps the customers to be aware about the products and services offered by the organizations. In this way, business communication really encourages the organizations to clear route for future profits. It can likewise be brought up that business communication encourages the organizations to manage the focused market (Hollensen, 2015). The report compares the effective utilization of business communication between the two popular automotive companies namely Ford and Toyota. The report states Ford as the company that has efficiently utilized several channels of communications to enhance its marketing efforts. On the contrary, Toyota has been stated as the company that has suffered due to poor business communication. The report states the importance of business communication and its role in the success or failure of a company. Ford has become a leading brand in the automobile industry by efficiently utilizing social media into its promotional activities as well as in its organizational culture. Ford has been recognized as one of the most influential and followed brand over internet. However, Toyota has faced severe consequences as a result of communication problems. A major issue faced by Toyota was the massive recall in the year 2010 when the issues related to the defects in floor mats, brakes and acceleration pedal s came into limelight. An excellent business: Ford Ford is an American company that was founded in the year 1903 by Henry Ford. The companys core business is car manufacturing and it stands at the fifth position among the top automobile companies in the world. The company visions to become the best consumer company globally for providing automotive products and services. The company has implemented a one plan that aims at developing its products on the basis of customer preferences by concentrating on one team that brings together the employees, customers, community, dealers, suppliers, investors and Unions for the achievement of common objectives ("Home", 2017). Ford has broadly utilized online networking in promoting methodologies. The organization has its own blog in particular "The Ford Story". The organization demonstrates the remarks of the readers on the front page of the site at whatever points the organization includes another post. Ford utilizes different inventive thoughts in applying most recent innovation in their cars and it passes on its developments to the clients by effectively including them in the communication procedure. The organization draws in the consideration of the clients by transferring appealing pictures of its cars over online networking. The organization additionally urges the clients to give their thoughts to the change in the cars. Ford has coordinated online networking into its showcasing techniques keeping in mind the end goal to build up great relations with its clients by dynamic communication with the clients (Fletcher, 2016). Ford has offered free personal computers to its employees in order to communicate efficiently with them over the internet and stay connected with them easily. All the information are provided to the employees over internet that saves time an d cost. Ford uses intranet to communicate with its employees who are located in different countries. However, the communication here is generally one-way communication wherein the Fords boss replies to the several mails. Ford also runs chat rooms wherein the workers can freely ask questions to the experts and analysts live over the companys intranet (Aral, Dellarocas Godes, 2013). Ford has also realized the importance of introducing their dealers on the social media platform. Ford has implemented a program namely Ford Direct that allows the dealers to have a look at the inventory and reputation management of the organization. Ford believes that the advancements in the communication technologies shall redefine corporate behavior. The company believes that business communication shall encourage coordination and team- working. Ford has also successfully established effective communication with its customers through its website. The company actively interacts with its customers on a regular basis via Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The company has its own help service known as Ford Service Handle through which the company handles the customer service issues and complaints. This indicates efficient use of business communication by Ford. A poor business: Toyota Toyota is a Japanese automotive company that was founded in 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. Toyota stands among the best automotive companies in the world. The company has used utilized several print medias, social media and television advertisements in order to promote its products. However, several reports have shown the weakness in the crisis management system of the company, which is a result of its faulty communication ("TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE" 2017). The communication model followed by Toyota Motor Corporation involves both upward and downward communication patterns. The communication model enables the employees to share their thoughts, ideas, feelings and information. The several modes of communication used by the company includes e-mail, direct face-to-face communication, telephones, text messages, newsletters and memos. The company has clearly defined the skills required for being an employee of the company that makes internal communication more effective. The downward communication involves flow of information and orders from the top-level executives to their subordinates whereas the upward communication generally involves employee feedbacks. The feedbacks are obtained via oral and written form in the meetings held. Toyota engages its employees using an efficient internal communication system that enables them to perform well. When the top management comes across some communication failure, it immediately organizes meetings i n order to solve the issues (Tennert, 2014). However, the company faced a massive recall as a result of its poor business communication. Toyota witnessed a massive recall in the year 2010, which was a result of floor mat issue and accelerator pedal issue. Several analysts have stated that there had been delays in the identification of the problems due to improper internal communication. The companys crisis management team miserably failed to address the issues within time and there was absence of proper communication in its internal processes as well as with the customers. The company was penalized because of having failed to identify the internal problems for more than a duration of four months (Fan, Geddes Flory, 2013). However, these internal issues became big communication issue. The problem could be resolved at the point of arrival but lack of proper internal communication led to this massive recall. The market nowadays responds actively to the media wherein transparency, accountability and proper communication have becom e more essential than mere position of a company. Business communication has the power to destroy a well-known company and also has the power to make a new venture successful. Toyota failed to communicate properly with its customers and media due to which several rumors had spread about the inferior quality of Toyota cars. Initially the company did not even accept its fault that was an additional communication issue. Later on, when the company accepted its fault, it was too late as the brand position of the company was harmed beyond repair (Choi Chung, 2013). Communication is the soul of marketplace. The customers tend to accept the problematic products of a company if the company informs the customers about such issues. This helps in building a relation of trust and confidence among the customers and the companies. On the contrary, if a company hides its faults and misleads its customers, the relationship between the customers and the companies tend to break (Hsu Lawrence, 2016). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that communication is an integral part of an organization. Efficiency in both internal and external communication is highly important to achieve the goals and objectives successfully. Proper business communication helps in preventing and resolving conflicts both within and outside an organization. Business communication has the power to destroy a well-known company and also has the power to make a new venture successful. Business communication is essential for the success of any business as good communication helps in building teams and it enables the leaders to communicate efficiently with his subordinates. Business communication enables sharing of information among the organizations employees that indirectly increases the productivity of the company. Business communication causes organizations to make solid association with the clients and oblige their requirements better. The organizations impart vital data like their benefits, share costs and produc t offerings with the help of business communication. The report showed the consequences faced by Toyota as a result of improper business communication while on the other hand, the success of Ford due to its efficient communication system. Therefore, it can be stated that Ford has become a leading brand in the automobile industry by efficiently utilizing social media into its promotional activities as well as in its organizational culture. Ford has been recognized as one of the most influential and followed brand over internet. However, Toyota has faced severe consequences as a result of communication problems. References: Aral, S., Dellarocas, C., Godes, D. (2013). Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), 3-13. Choi, J., Chung, W. (2013). Analysis of the interactive relationship between apology and product involvement in crisis communication: An experimental study on the Toyota recall crisis.Journal of Business and Technical Communication,27(1), 3-31. Cornelissen, J., Cornelissen, J. P. (2017).Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Fan, D., Geddes, D., Flory, F. (2013). The Toyota recall crisis: Media impact on Toyota's corporate brand reputation.Corporate Reputation Review,16(2), 99-117. Fletcher, F. (2016).Solutions: Business Problem Solving. Routledge. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Home. (2017).Ford Corporate. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from https://corporate.ford.com/homepage.html Hsu, L., Lawrence, B. (2016). The role of social media and brand equity during a product recall crisis: A shareholder value perspective.International journal of research in marketing,33(1), 59-77. Jin, Y., Liu, B. F., Austin, L. L. (2014). Examining the role of social media in effective crisis management: The effects of crisis origin, information form, and source on publics crisis responses.Communication research,41(1), 74-94. Kaul, A. (2014).Effective business communication. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Tennert, F. (2014). An attributional analysis of corporate reporting in crisis situations: The 2010 Toyota recall.Journal of Communication Management,18(4), 422-435. TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE. (2017). TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from

Strategic Change Leadership in Management

Introduction Change leadership is a planned move toward transitioning persons, groups, and establishments from a present situation to a preferred future state, to accomplish or put into practice a vision and plan. Therefore, the capacity to initiate change is a significant aspect of the business arena and the aptitude to assist the organization adjust to change is a serious business problem. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Change Leadership in Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Change leadership involves facilitating the attainment of proposed, actual transformation that satisfies the vision of an organization. It involves mutual development and implementation of plans to attain constructive change in an organization. The change manager learns new ideas from other administrators, develops the vision, and motivates the employees to remain focused on achieving the proposed plan. The change lead er inspires others to adopt new methods of thinking and conducting business and regularly invigorates the change course and eliminates obstacles to change. This paper discusses change leadership. Against a background of rising globalization, rapidity of scientific novelty, advancing knowledge personnel, and changing social trends, many individuals agree that the main duty of administration at present is the leadership of managerial change. Significant words in the glossary of the recently emerging managerial model comprise innovation, excellence, flexibility, speed, and carrying out tests. â€Å"In view of these requirements, the traditional organizational structure, with its hierarchical, centralized control, and historically entrenched values of stability and security, is an anachronism† (Graetz, 2000, p. 552). The momentum at present is towards creating more dynamic, flexible, and nimble administrative models. These adjustments have prompted a fundamental shift in the po sition of higher-ranking managers from the conventional authoritarian control model to a more flexible, open, and participative organizational system. Currently, many organizations stress on teamwork and communiquà ©; therefore, administrators need to embrace various management skills. Habitually, many leaders have centered on the operational element of administration. Nonetheless, to be an efficient manager in a setting of transformation and volatility, a second, interpersonal element becomes vital. This implies that transformative management encompasses influential and captivating functions and blends operational expertise with superior interpersonal abilities (Ulrich Wiersema, 1999, pp. 115-120).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many organizations go through four main stages of change. The first stage of the change process is called the formative period when an organizat ion is newly established. Although at this point there is usually a set vision, formal definitions are often lacking since many tests and advancements usually take place at this point. The second phase of change in a given organization is often characterized by fast growth or expansion. Coordination and direction are included in the company to maintain growth and facilitate achievement of vision. Change is centered on explaining the purpose of the association and the mainstream activities. The mature phase is the third stage and this is when the growth curve balances with the general trend of the economy. At this stage, changes are required to sustain created markets and ensuring utmost benefits are realized. The fourth level of change is termed the phase of downfall. This is the most demanding period in any given organization and it involves cutbacks, restructuring, and reorganization. During change execution, a director should make sure that the correct communication has been re layed through the right channel. Implementation is conceivably the most unfavorable stage of alteration. In this phase, proper communication is vital and without it, the transformation process cannot be executed effectively. For this reason, the realization of alteration challenges communication competencies of a manager. An efficient leader should demonstrate valuable leadership conduct to mitigate the pressure on transformation tasks, such as harmonization with other directors in an establishment, concern for comfort of the personnel, honesty, and readiness to involve in joint feedback. Therefore, it is very crucial for leaders to be ready to accept and adapt to change because it is unavoidable. It is also imperative for a leader to uphold the key values of an institution when it is undergoing transformation to ensure that the needs of the clients are fulfilled. Successful and lasting managerial developments depend on efficient change directors who are familiar with how to make and implement a vision, surmount opposition to change, and deal with disagreements. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Change Leadership in Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These competencies can make the distinction between a triumphant change attempt and unsuccessful one. â€Å"Managing change means having a clear idea of what you want to accomplish; identifying stakeholders and communicating with them; and knowing how to manage the varying levels of support and resistance that will inevitably emerge in response to any change† (Hambrick Cannella, 2008, pp. 278-282). Leaders must encounter several impediments and difficult circumstances in their endeavor to transform an establishment. When leaders sort out various problems, they make decisions that influence their personal lives and other individuals. Intrapersonal communication is crucial during judgments and facilitates a leaderâ₠¬â„¢s individual development, which is a significant feature of headship. Self-reflection assessment is one way through which leaders get involved in intrapersonal communication. Interpersonal communication takes place within a person’s mind. This kind of communication can enhance the level of a leader’s personal-awareness. Leadership capabilities include a cognitive feature, in terms of information and abilities the manager has, and a performance characteristic which allows managers to organize their abilities properly. A leader’s aptitude will affect the activities, arrangements, and procedures that improve the change and reinforce the efficacy in executing change. Leadership is dissimilar from administration. It improves administration, but it cannot substitute it because administration is concerned with dealing with difficulties. On the other hand, leadership involves handling change. Lastly, a leaders’ judgment and abilities are noticeable through the activities of executing change in the association. At this point, a leader is supposed to be conscious about evading coordination matters when various useful units in an establishment work on a general assignment. Lack of coordination often leads to disagreements during the execution of change and it lessens the success (Kotter, 1995, pp. 59-67). Change leadership necessitates social analysis skills to comprehend, judge and examine social circumstances precisely, and relational skills to react to the transformation and deal with them effectively. Since change execution involves accepting different types of persons, social-emotional capability is considered to have a straight effect on the faculty to direct change. Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It serves as a superior forecaster of guiding change than organizing complexity. Social-emotional capability comprises examining the workers’ opinions, giving positive response, encouraging the collaboration among group participants, upholding valuable interpersonal associations with other individuals, and treating them decorously regardless of their cadres or social status. A leader’s position in alteration process is to influence their workers to recognize the need of transformation. Understanding organizational alteration involves assessing kinds of modification within the establishment. Regardless of its magnitude, any transformation has a ripple outcome on business. The critical problem that several leaders encounter is the opposition to change and it has an observable effect upon the achievement of a managerial alteration scheme. Resistance is generally considered as a conduct, which is not corresponding to the efforts of the transformation leader. Thus, the lea ders must examine the confrontation from motivational and personality-based viewpoint (Johnson, 2009, pp. 183-200). The fundamental features of the transformation management are formation and encouragement of dedication and trust. Apparently, change leaders are not able to encourage these traits unless they have these characteristics. The leaders who focus exclusively on administrative duties may not offer proper leadership that is needed to sustain the performance. Thus, leaders must learn to recognize the sustainability issues and then come up with suitable competencies to handle those challenges. Conclusion Based on the reviewed manuscripts on change leadership, several of the investigators propose that efficient leadership relies on three essential individual competencies; they are scientific, inter-personal, and theoretical abilities. Technical ability is information about particular kind of vocation or action and the individual skill is capacity to work harmoniously with othe rs. Finally, theoretical skill refers to capacity to apply various thoughts and concepts in different work environments. Leaders from various management backgrounds need varied amount of these indispensable skills. â€Å"Leaders from top management level mainly require inter-personal and conceptual skills rather than technical skills, whereas the leaders from supervisory management level require greater proportion of technical and inter-personal skills than conceptual skills† (Graetz, 2000, pp. 551-562). Consequently, change leaders should apply cognitive competencies, business techniques, and planned skills for the proper achievement of change because they have a serious task of ensuring that the transformation attempt is successful. References Graetz, F. (2000). Strategic change leadership. Management Decision, 38(8), 551-562. Hambrick, C., Cannella, A. (2008). Strategy implementation as substance and selling. The Academy of Management Executive, 9(4), 278-885. Johnson, G. (2009). Managing strategic change; the role of symbolic action. British Journal of Management, 1(3), 183-200. Kotter, J. (1995). Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail. Harvard Business Review, 9(8), 59-69. Ulrich, D., Wiersema, F. (1999). Gaining strategic and organisational capability in a turbulent business environment. Academy of Management Executive, 13(3), 115-122. This essay on Strategic Change Leadership in Management was written and submitted by user Kinsley Sullivan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Document 24 Essay

Document 24 Essay Document 24 Essay Wehinger 1 Daniel Wehinger Prof. Hopkins PHI 1600 6/14/2015 Word Count: 318 Application of Kantian Ethics Kantian Ethics: What should Angel about the data? 1. Angel could try to convince Rose not to give the data back to Mr. Bowen. 2. Angel could give the data back to Mr. Bowen. 3. Angel could report Mr. Bowen to the Police. 4. Angel could give the data to the Police. Categorical Imperative/Universality: 1. Angel could try to convince Rose not to give the data back to Mr. Bowen. Would I want all people, consistently/universally to convince others to not give back corrupt data to their owners? Yes. 2. Angel could give the data back to Mr. Bowen. Would I want all people, consistently/ universally to give back corrupt data back to their owners? No, this option is eliminated. 3. Angel could report Mr. Bowen to the Police. Would I want all people, consistently/ universally to report someone who has corrupt data to the Police? Yes 4. Angel could give the data to the Police. Would I want all people, consistently/universally to give corrupt data to the Police? Yes Apply Respect (to remaining options): [Last Name] 2 Is Angel exploiting someone (using someone for her own benefit)? 1. Angel could try to convince Rose not to give the data back to Mr. Bowen. Is Angel doing this for her own personal gain? Yes. 2. Angel could give the data back to Mr. Bowen. Is Angel doing this for her own personal gain? No (so this is a good option). 3. Angel could report Mr. Bowen to the Police. Is

Thanksgiving, Variety and the 6 Human Needs

Thanksgiving, Variety and the 6 Human Needs Turkey, gravy, stuffing, cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes, pumpkin pie AND whipped cream. The essential elements to the perfect Thanksgiving meal. We all know that one of the best things about Thanksgiving dinner is the sheer variety of the spread. This Thanksgiving I found myself thankful for the variety that is present in my life- and for a richness that extends beyond the Thanksgiving table. Variety is identified by Anthony Robbins as one of the Six Human Needs. I have been aware for a long time that variety is important to me- and have even found that I crave monotony from time to time to break up the variety! The need for participating in diverse activities has been at the source of my business model: I have created a job for myself where a mix of projects shows up daily. For instance, in one single day this week, here were just a few tasks I tackled: Spent two hours on the phone with the GM (General Manager) of an international manufacturing company in China, perfecting his resume and learning about factories in China. Edited the homepage for The Wisdomkeeper Connection LLC (I pulled out my women’s spiritual training for this one!) Edited a research report on barriers to career advancement for women and people of color and how those barriers can be overcome through effective networking (yes I took women’s studies in college!). Provided material to the author of Social Networking Job Search for Dummies, Joshua Waldman, for use in a coupon book he will be distributing on his book tour. Stuffed 187 holiday letters to past clients (ah†¦Ã‚   a repetitive task). Spoke with two new resume writers who will be joining The Essay Expert team. Yes, I have a LOT of variety in my work. As far as I’m concerned, the more different types of projects I can work on the better.   While this inclination makes it hard to target a niche market, it seems to work for me. Variety is a close sibling to richness, and I appreciate that my life is rich as well as varied. Spending time with family over the holidays was a wonderful way to learn about where I came from and to enjoy the next generation for who they are (and are becoming). I am thankful that I can take my work with me so that I never have to worry about missing business-related messages as I celebrate the holidays. With computer and cell phone in tow, I can go almost anywhere any time- and never run out of vacation days! This capability opens up many opportunities for a rich and fulfilling life, whether it’s attending workshops, spending time with family, or just exploring a new locale. In January I will be traveling to New York for a week to support my mom who is having elective surgery. That trip will add to the variety and richness in my life, as well as meet four more of the 6 Human Needs: Significance, Connection/Love, Growth and Contribution. Who could ask for anything more? I’d love to hear how you generate variety and richness in your life. What are you creating as the New Year approaches?   Please share below! Category:UncategorizedBy Brenda BernsteinNovember 28, 2011 2 Comments Larry says: November 29, 2011 at 10:53 am Youre the second person who mentioned whipped cream related to Thanksgiving to me this year, something Id never heard of before. But in its place, Id substitute another need which you overlooked, apple pie. Thanksgiving requires both pumpkin and apple pie. Best of luck to your mom for her surgery. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: November 29, 2011 at 11:37 am In my family its pecan pie! Wow I cant imagine a Thanksgiving without whipped cream Thanks for your well wishes Larry! Log in to Reply

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Personal Statement Example I believe that this trait will help me later on in my career and I will have an advantage over so many others. My ability to quickly assess certain situations and then to take the appropriate actions means that I am confident enough to make any hard choices that fall my way. From when I was a young child, my father always remarked how I had leadership qualities and that I could put those to good use someday. My passion is for management and art history, and this is what I would like to pursue further. When I was a small child, I seemed to like drawings on things whenever I had the chance. Also, I was kind of an extrovert person who found fulfillment in leading others to achieve their goals. I guess it was only natural for me to choose this path because these subjects are something that I enjoy and excel at as a person. I have always been a creative person, so art is something that fits nicely with my characteristics. Also, I prefer to lead others rather than follow what someone else is doing. I have already gained considerable knowledge about both of these subjects through study during my spare time, but I would like to think that learning in a more formal setting will increase my understanding further. Management and art history are not normally two subjects that are linked or associated with each other, but I think that I can combine the two by using my strengths. This plan of mine to attend university only after two years in college was put in motion before I had even graduated from high school. The thought occurred to me that I could have gone straight to university after graduating from high school, but I did not feel that it was right for me at the time. Instead, I went to Santa Monica College for two years to try and find some good study habits that would serve me well in the future. The thinking was that I would gain valuable experience at a college where I could express myself more than would be possible at a large university. However, after these last two years at Santa Monica, I now feel that I am ready for the challenges that university will bring. As long as I stay true to my calling, then there is nothing that I will not be able to succeed at. My grades at high school and at college were some of the best in my class. I would like to think that I am a highly motivated person who is willing to face extraordinary challenges to accomplish the goals that I have set out for myself. In the last few years, I have had experience as the president of the prom committee and also as a member of the art decoration club. Outside of this, I have not really achieved too much. This is why I believe that my qualities are well-suited to management and art history. In my opinion, there is no point doing something if it is not something that you enjoy doing. This is not the case for me in either management of art history because these are subjects that fill me both as a person and as a student. Apart from my interest in management and art history , I also enjoy cooking a lot. However, this is something that I feel that I would not want to pursue as a career, and that is why I am not pursuing further education over it. I will never be one of those famous chefs on TV who earns a fortune just from showing other people how to cook. Despite this, I would like to think that my cooking skills are decent enough to help my own family someday when the time

Sweatshops Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sweatshops - Essay Example Nike violated laws about working conditions, working hours, and forced overtime. They have been labeled as employing ‘sweatshop’ conditions in their manufacturing units. Due to globalization markets expanded and the market discipline intensified. This discipline penetrated into the spheres of lives of people previously untouched. The global garment industry offers the western consumers a wide variety of styles and fashion at affordable prices. Competition in the industry gave rise to sweatshops. To survive amidst competition, market restructuring had to be done in the form of buyer-driven commodity chains and lean retailing (Micheletti, 2006). They had to respond to the changing consumer demands for fashion and quality at reasonable prices. They had to invest to create and satisfy the fluctuating demands of the consumers. To deliver fashion and quality they had to rely on the individual garment workers and not the machinery. People started clamoring for branded products and brand culture was what became the decisive factor. Sweatshops are not new to America and since the industrial revolution many generations have toiled in sweatshops. Usually women, children or unskilled workers are used in sweatshops from the poverty-stricken families, who have no other option to earn a livelihood. Their pay is sub-standard and the working conditions are unsafe and unhygienic. Although it essentially started in the garment industry, but it exists in other industries as well. Sweat shops are the result of greed and opportunism; they may also stem from competitive pressures. These have come into existence due to globalization, government regulations, immigration, business practices, racial, ethnic and gender discrimination. The people are underpaid and overworked while the working conditions are unsanitary and far from reasonable. It violates safety, heath, wage and child labor laws. People have gone to the extent of saying that they would

Financial Crises And Global Capital Flows :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites The recent upheavals in the world financial markets were quelled by the immediate intervention of both international financial institutions such as the IMF and of domestic ones in the developed countries, such as the Federal Reserve in the USA. The danger seems to have passed, though recent tremors in South Korea, Brazil and Taiwan do not augur well. We may face yet another crisis of the same or a larger magnitude momentarily. What are the lessons that we can derive from the last crisis to avoid the next? The first lesson, it would seem, is that short term and long term capital flows are two disparate phenomena with very little in common. The former is speculative and technical in nature and has very little to do with fundamental realities. The latter is investment oriented and committed to the increasing of the welfare and wealth of its new domicile. It is, therefore, wrong to talk about â€Å"global capital flows†. There are investments (including even long term portfolio investments and venture capital) – and there is speculative, â€Å"hot† money. While â€Å"hot money† is very useful as a lubricant on the wheels of liquid capital markets in rich countries – it can be destructive in less liquid, immature economies or in economies in transition. The two phenomena should be accorded a different treatment. While long term capital flows should be completely liberalized, encouraged and welcomed – the short term, â€Å"hot money† type should be controlled and even discouraged. The introduction of fiscally-oriented capital controls (as Chile has implemented) is one possibility. The less attractive Malaysian model springs to mind. It is less attractive because it penalizes both the short term and the long term financial players. But it is clear that an important and integral part of the new International Financial Architecture MUST be the control of speculative money in pursuit of ever higher yields. There is nothing inherently wrong with high yields – but the capital markets provide yields connected to economic depression and to price collapses through the mechanism of short selling and through the usage of certain derivatives. This aspect of things must be neutered or at least countered. The second lesson is the important role that central banks and other financial authorities play in the precipitation of financial crises – or in their prolongation. Financial bubbles and asset price inflation are the result of euphoric and irrational exuberance – said the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States, the legendary Mr.

Gcse History Revision Notes – Germany

History Revision Notes – Germany Weimar – strengths and weaknesses The Weimar Republic After Germany lost the First World War, the Kaiser fled and a new democratic government of Germany was declared in February 1919 at the small town of Weimar. It was too dangerous to make a declaration in Berlin where there had just been a revolt by a Communist group called the Spartacists. STRENGTHS †¢ A Bill of Rights guaranteed every German citizen freedom of speech and religion, and equality under the law. †¢ All men and women over the age of 20 were given the vote. †¢ There was an elected president and an elected Reichstag (parliament). The Reichstag made the laws and appointed the government, which had to do what the Reichstag wanted. WEAKNESSES †¢ Proportional representation – instead of voting for an MP, like we do in Britain,Weimar Germans voted for a party. Each party was then allocated seats in the Reichstag exactly reflecting (proportional' to) th e number of people who had voted for it. This sounds fair, but in practice it was a disaster it resulted in dozens of tiny parties, with no party strong enough to get a majority, and, therefore, no government to get its laws passed in the Reichstag. This was a major weakness of the Republic. Article 48 – this said that, in an emergency, the president did not need the agreement of the Reichstag, but could issue decrees [Decrees: Laws passed by one minister in a parliament, which have not been approved by the majority parliament. ]. The problem with this was that it did not say what an emergency was, and in the end, it turned out to be a way that Hitler used to take power legally. Weimar – problems 1919-1923 The Weimar Republic faced opposition from the outset in 1919, after the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. Economic hardship affected the whole nation and led to uprisings and assassinations.Key problems The Weimar Republic was created at a time of confusion and ch aos after Germany had lost the First World War. Many people felt that Germany had received a very harsh deal in the Treaty of Versailles and they resented the government for signing it and agreeing to its conditions. The Weimar Republic faced violent uprisings from various groups, not to mention economic problems. Germany between 1918 and 1919 was in chaos. People were starving, the Kaiser had fled and people hated the government for signing the armistice to end the war in November 1918 – they called them the November criminals.Bands of soldiers called Freikorps refused to disband and formed private armies. It was not a good start for the Republic. There was continuous violence and unrest: †¢ In March 1920, there was a rebellion – the Kapp Putsch – that aimed to bring back the Kaiser . †¢ Nationalist terror groups assassinated 356 government politicians. †¢ Many of the people in Germany were communists who wanted to bring in a Russian-style commun ist government. There were a number of communist uprisings. For instance, in 1919 the Spartacists rebelled in Berlin. [pic] The Kapp Putsch march in March 1920, the right-wing nationalist Dr Wolfgang Kapp took over Berlin. The army refused to attack him; he was only defeated when the workers of Berlin went on strike. The Weimar government's main crisis occurred in 1923, when the Germans failed to make a reparations payment ( payments made for damage caused in WW1. Part of T of V) on time, which set off a train of events that included: †¢ a French invasion of the Ruhr †¢ a general strike †¢ hyperinflation †¢ a number of communist rebellions †¢ an attempted Nazi putsch in Munich Weimar – crisis of 1923The 1923 crisis began when Germany missed a reparations payment. This situation spiralled out of control and once again the German people were unhappy and in financial difficulty, so uprisings occurred throughout the country. Hyperinflation The sudden floo d of paper money into the economy, on top of the general strike – which meant that no goods were manufactured, so there was more money, chasing fewer goods – combined with a weak economy ruined by the war, all resulted in hyperinflation. Prices ran out of control – eg a loaf of bread, which cost 250 marks in January 1923 had risen to 200,000 million marks in November 1923.German's currency became worthless. But remember: †¢ Some people made fortunes during the crisis. One man borrowed money to buy a herd of cattle, but soon after paid back his loan by selling one cow. †¢ People on wages were safe, because they renegotiated their wages every day. †¢ Pensioners on fixed incomes and people with savings were the most badly hit. One woman sold her house with the intention of using the money to live on. A few weeks later, the money wasn't even enough to buy a loaf of bread. The Early Nazi Party The Nazi ideology: †¢ Lebensraum – the need for ‘living space' for the German nation to expand. A strong Germany – the Treaty of Versailles should be abolished and all German-speaking people united in one country. †¢ Fuhrer – the idea that there should be a single leader with complete power rather than a democracy. †¢ Social Darwinism – the idea that the Aryan race was superior and Jews were ‘subhuman'. †¢ Autarky – the idea that Germany should be economically self-sufficient. †¢ Germany was in danger – from Communists and Jews, who had to be destroyed. The appeal of the Nazis In the 1920s, the Nazis tried to be all things to all people.The 25-Point Programme had policies that were: †¢ Socialist – eg farmers should be given their land; pensions should improve; and public industries such as electricity and water should be owned by the state. †¢ Nationalist – all German-speaking people should be united in one country; the Treaty of Versaille s should be abolished; and there should be special laws for foreigners. †¢ Racist – Jews should not be German citizens and immigration should be stopped. †¢ Fascist – a strong central government and control of the newspapers. The Nazis did not appeal to: †¢ working men who voted Communist intellectuals such as students and university professors They were popular with: †¢ nationalists and racists †¢ farmers †¢ lower middle-class people such as plumbers and shopkeepers who were worried about the chaos Germany was in †¢ rich people worried by the threat from Communism Rebellions Unsurprisingly, the hardships created by hyperinflation led to many uprisings as groups struggled to take power from Weimar. The Munich Putsch 1923 In November 1923, Hitler tried to take advantage of the crisis facing the Weimar government by instigating a revolution in Munich.It seemed like the perfect opportunity, but poor planning and misjudgement resulted in failure and the subsequent imprisonment of Adolf Hitler. Summary At first, the Nazis were just a terrorist group. Hitler assembled a large group of unemployed young men and former soldiers, known as the storm troopers (the SA), which attacked other political groups. Hitler hoped to take power by starting a revolution During the crisis of 1923, therefore, Hitler plotted with two nationalist politicians – Kahr and Lossow – to take over Munich in a revolution.Hitler collected his storm troopers and told them to be ready to rebel. But then, on 4 October 1923, Kahr and Lossow called off the rebellion. This was an impossible situation for Hitler, who had 3,000 troops ready to fight. [pic] Hitler waved a gun at Khar and Lossow On the night of 8 November 1923, Hitler and 600 storm troopers burst into a meeting that Kahr and Lossow were holding at the local Beer Hall. Waving a gun at them, Hitler forced them to agree to rebel – and then let them go home. The SA took over the army headquarters and the offices of the local newspaper. 16 Nazis were killed in the scuffleThe next day, 9 November 1923, Hitler and his Nazis went into Munich on what they thought would be a triumphal march to take power. However, Kahr had called in police and army reinforcements. There was a short scuffle in which the police killed 16 Nazis. Hitler fled, but was arrested two days later. Why did Hitler attempt the Munich Putsch in 1923? 1. By 1923, the Nazi party had 55,000 members and was stronger than ever before. 2. The Weimar Republic was in crisis and about to collapse. 3. In September 1923, the Weimar government had called off the general strike, and every German nationalist was furious with the government. . Hitler thought he would be helped by important nationalist politicians in Bavaria. 5. Hitler had a huge army of storm troopers, but he knew he would lose control of them if he did not give them something to do. 6. Hitler hoped to copy Mussolini – the Italia n fascist leader – who had come to power in Italy in 1922 by marching on Rome. Results of the Munich Putsch The Munich Putsch was a failure. As a result: 1. The Nazi party was banned, and Hitler was prevented from speaking in public until 1927. 2. Hitler went to prison, where he wrote ‘Mein Kampf'.Millions of Germans read it, and Hitler's ideas became very well-known. 3. Hitler decided that he would never come to power by revolution; he realised that he would have to use constitutional means, so he organised: o the Hitler Youth o propaganda campaigns o mergers with other right-wing parties o local branches of the party, which tried to get Nazis elected to the Reichstag o the SS as his personal bodyguard, which was set up in 1925 It was this strategy of gaining power legitimately that eventually brought him to power. How did the Weimar Republic survive?In 1923 the Weimar Republic was teetering at the brink of a very large cliff with problems such as hyperinflation, attem pted revolutions and public discontent, pushing it increasingly towards the edge. How could the Republic possibly survive? Gustav Stresemann and Charles Dawes In 1923, the Weimar Republic was on the verge of collapse, but, surprisingly, the crisis was the start of a period of stability and success. The period 1923-1929 was a time when the economy boomed and cultural life flourished in Germany. This dramatic turnabout happened because Germany was saved by two people – Gustav Stresemann and Charles Dawes.Gustav Stresemann had been a nationalist, but he realised that something needed to be done to save Germany. Under Stresemann's guidance, the government called off the strike, persuaded the French to leave the Ruhr and even got the rest of the world to allow Germany to join the League of Nations in 1926. Stresemann also introduced reforms to help ordinary people such as job centres, unemployment pay and better housing. Charles Dawes was the US budget director. In 1923, he was se nt to Europe to sort out Germany's economy. Under his advice, the German Reichsbank was reformed and the old money was called in and burned.This ended the hyperinflation. Dawes also arranged the Dawes Plan with Stresemann, which gave Germany longer to pay reparations. Most importantly, Dawes agreed to America lending Germany 800 million gold marks, which kick-started the German economy. Was Weimar stable during 1923-1929? Despite all the successes, many historians believe that the stability of the Weimar republic was illusory: 1. The nationalists and fascists did not win many seats in the Reichstag, but they were allowed to exist and campaign, so they were just waiting for the right opportunity to attempt a takeover again. . Everything depended on American money – if that stopped, Germany was ready to return to crisis. 3. No political party had a majority. Coalition gov’t struggled to agree and get laws passed. 4. Dawes Plan and new currency meant eco was stable Hitler 's rise to power Hitler's rise to power cannot be attributed to one event, but a mixture of factors including events happening outside Germany, the strengths of the Nazi party, and the weaknesses of other parties within Germany. Hitler used these factors to his advantage and in 1933 he legitimately gained power to become chancellor.In 1929, the American Stock Exchange collapsed, and caused an economic depression. America called in all its foreign loans, which destroyed Weimar Germany due to the Dawes Plan. Unemployment in Germany rose to 6 million. The government did not know what to do. In July 1930 Chancellor Bruning cut government expenditure, wages and unemployment pay – the worst thing to do during a depression. He could not get the Reichstag to agree to his actions, so President Hindenburg used Article 48 to pass the measures by decree. The Nazis gain support Anger and bitterness helped the Nazis to gain more support.Many workers turned to communism, but this frightened wealthy businessmen, so they financed Hitler's campaigns. Many middle-class people, alarmed by the obvious failure of democracy, decided that the country needed a strong government. Nationalists and racists blamed the Treaty of Versailles and reparations. [pic] In 1928, the Nazis had only 12 seats in the Reichstag; by July 1932 they had 230 seats and were the largest party. The government was in chaos. President Hindenburg dismissed Bruning in 1932. His replacement – Papen – lasted six months, and the next chancellor – Schleicher – only lasted two months.Hindenburg had to use Article 48 to pass almost every law. In January 1933, Hindenburg and Papen came up with a plan to get the Nazis on their side by offering to make Hitler vice chancellor. He refused and demanded to be made chancellor. They agreed, thinking they could control him. In January 1933, Hitler became chancellor, and immediately set about making himself absolute ruler of Germany using Articl e 48. Reasons why Hitler rose to power 1. Hitler was a great speaker, with the power to make people support him. 2. The moderate political parties would not work together, although together they had more support than the Nazis. . The depression of 1929 created poverty and unemployment, which made people angry with the Weimar government. People lost confidence in the democratic system and turned towards the extremist political parties such as the Communists and Nazis during the depression. 4. The Nazi storm troopers attacked Hitler's opponents. 5. Goebbels' propaganda campaign was very effective and it won support for the Nazis. The Nazis targeted specific groups of society with different slogans and policies to win their support. 6. Hitler was given power in a political deal by Hindenburg and Papen who foolishly thought they could control him. . German people were still angry about the Treaty of Versailles and supported Hitler because he promised to overturn it. 8. Industrialists ga ve Hitler money and support. How Hitler consolidated power 1933-1934 Dates and events 1933-1934 |Date |Event | |27 Feb 1933 |Reichstag Fire Hitler used the fire to his advantage in two ways: | |[pic] |It gave him an opportunity to imprison many communist leaders, which stopped them campaigning during the election. | |It allowed the Nazis to say that the country was in danger from the communists during its election campaign. | | |Both these actions helped the Nazis to win more seats in the election. | | |When the courts convicted Dutch Communist van der Lubbe, but did not convict otherCommunist leaders, Hitler was furious and | | |replaced the courts with the Nazi People's Courts. | |5 Mar 1933 |General Election – only 44 per cent of the population vote for the Nazis, who win 288 seats in the Reichstag. |[pic] |Although it did not give the Nazis the majority that Hitler had hoped for in the Reichstag, it gave them enough seats – after | | |Hitler had arrested all the co mmunist deputies and the other parties had been intimidated by the SA – to get the Enabling Act | | |passed, which is all Hitler needed to do. | |23 Mar 1933 |Enabling Act – the SA intimidates all the remaining non-Nazi deputies. The Reichstag votes to give Hitler the right to make his | |[pic] |own laws. | |Arguably the critical event – it gave Hitler absolute power to make his laws. | |26 April 1933 |Local government is reorganised – the country is carved up into 42 Gaus, which are run by a Gauleiter. These Gaus are separated | |[pic] |into areas, localities and blocks of flats run by a Blockleiter. Hitler sets up the Gestapo. | | |This put the Nazis in control of local government, and allowed the Gestapo to rule by terror. | |2 May 1933 |Trade unions are abolished and their leaders arrested. |[pic] |Abolishing the trade unions allowed Hitler to destroy a group that might have opposed him. It also gave Hitler the opportunity | | |to set up the German La bour Front, which gave him control over German workers. | |20 June 1933 |Concordat – Hitler makes an agreement with the Pope who sees him as someone who can destroy communism. This agreement allows | |[pic] |Hitler to take over political power in Germany as long as he leaves the Catholic Church alone.Hitler's agreement with the Pope | | |was a temporary truce that allowed Hitler to ban the Catholic Zentrum party without opposition from the Catholic Church. | |14 July 1933 |Political parties are banned – only the Nazi party is allowed to exist. | |[pic] |Banning political parties made Germany a one-party state and destroyed democracy in the country. | | |After this action, Germans could no longer get rid of Hitler in an election. |24 April 1934 |People's Courts – Hitler sets up the Nazi people's courts where judges have to swear an oath of loyalty to the Nazis. | |[pic] |These were set up to give Hitler greater control over the judgements made in courts. Hitler w as furious because the courts did | | |not sentence the communists to death for starting the Reichstag fire. | |30 June 1934 |Night of the Long Knives – some SA leaders are demanding that the Nazi party carry out its socialist agenda, and that the SA | |[pic] |take over the army.Hitler cannot afford to annoy the businessmen or the army, so the SS [SS: Also known as the Blackshirts. A | | |German police/ military style organisation created to serve as the personal bodyguards of Adolf Hitler. In Hitler's Germany they| | |eventually controlled the intelligence, security and police forces, and extermination of those they considered undesirable. ] | | |murders perhaps 400 of the SA members, including its leader Rohm, along with a number of Hitler's other opponents. | |This destroyed all opposition within the Nazi Party. It gave power to the brutal SS. It also showed the rest of the world what a| | |tyrant Hitler was. | |19 Aug 1934 |Fuhrer – when Hindenburg dies, Hitler dec lares himself jointly president, chancellor and head of the army. This formally made | |[pic] |Hitler the absolute ruler of Germany. | Many historians believe that Nazi Germany only appeared to be a dictatorship.In fact, officials were left to make most of the decisions themselves, and the Nazi government was badly-organised, and chaotic. Hitler and the army It is important to note that in 1934, the army was not subject to Hitler's authority. At this point, he still needed the army's support, which is why he destroyed the SA in the Night of the Long Knives. In 1938, army leaders hoped Hitler's plan to conquer the Sudetenland would fail and give them an opportunity to depose [Depose: To remove a ruler or monarch. ] him.When he suceeded, their attempt to get rid of him fell apart, and Hitler dismissed the chief of staff and 60 other generals. Thereafter, the army was also subservient to Hitler. The structures of control in the Nazi state Hitler introduced many policies and measures to ensure the Nazis remained in control, once he declared himself Fuhrer. These measures dealt with political opponents, as well as ordinary people, who suddenly found their private, social and working lives controlled by the Nazis. Seven key structures The Nazi party aimed to control every aspect of people's political, social and working lives.It maintained control through a mixture of propaganda [Propaganda: A type of advertising for an idea or cause, produced by supporters or opponents of that idea or cause. It is usually produced to influence how the people of a nation think. ] and intimidation. 1. Government (political) The way Hitler consolidated power in 1933-1934 meant that the Nazis had absolute control of national and local government. 2. Religion (social) †¢ Hitler believed that religion was a threat to the Nazis' control over people's minds, so he tried different ways to reduce the power of the church over people.Non-Nazi Catholic priests and Protestant pastors such a s Martin Niemoller and Dietrich Bonhoffer were sent to concentration camps. †¢ Jews and Jehovah's Witnesses were openly persecuted. †¢ Hitler set up a state Reich Church, which banned the Bible and the cross. †¢ Nazis encouraged people to revive the old Viking myths and ceremonies. 3. Culture (social) †¢ Hitler ordered Nazification – the imposition of Nazi values – on all aspects of German life. Artists had to produce acceptable paintings that portrayed Nazi values. †¢ Jazz music was banned. †¢ Books written by Jews were publicly burned. Homosexuals were persecuted; they did not fit the Nazi image of the ideal family. †¢ The Olympic Games of 1936 were a huge Nazi propaganda success. 4. Work (working) †¢ Dr Robert Ley, head of the DAF [DAF: German Labour Front ], boasted that he controlled workers' lives from the ‘cradle to the grave'. The RAD (National Labour Service) sent young men on public works. †¢ Hitler introduce d conscription in 1936; most men went into the army after the RAD. †¢ The DAF (German Labour Front) controlled workers' conditions at work. †¢ The KdF (Strength through Joy) movement regulated their leisure time. . Education and youth (working) †¢The lives of young people were controlled both in and out of school to turn them into fanatical Nazis. Non-Nazi teachers and university professors were sacked; teachers had to join the National Socialist Teachers' League. †¢ Textbooks were re-written to include Nazi political and racial ideas. †¢ History was taught to glorify Germany. †¢ There was a concentration on physical fitness. †¢ Girls were taught cookery; boys were taught science and maths. †¢ The Hitler Youth was compulsory; it indoctrinated boys and prepared them for war. The Nazi Girls' youth organisation – the BDM – was compulsory; it indoctrinated girls and prepared them for church, children and cooking. 6. Terror (method of control) †¢ Germany became a country where it was unsafe to do or say anything critical of the government. SS and Gestapo (Secret State Police. ) †¢ Blockleiters in each block of flats and street informed on ‘grumblers'. †¢ Arrests of thousands of people terrified opponents. †¢ Set up Nazi people's courts. †¢ Concentration camps.7. Propaganda (method of control) Josef Goebbels controlled the Propaganda Ministry, which aimed to brainwash people into obeying the Nazis and idolising Hitler. Mass rallies at Nuremberg. †¢ Newspapers were censored. †¢ People's radios were sold very cheaply, but broadcasts were controlled. †¢ Films were controlled to make films that glorified war and pilloried the Jews. †¢ Loudspeakers in public places blared out Nazi propaganda. †¢ Cult of personality – Hitler's picture was everywhere, and he was portrayed as Germany's saviour. Women in the Nazi state Hitler had very clear ideas about the wom an's role in the Nazi state – she was the centre of family life, a housewife and mother. Hitler even introduced a medal for women who had eight or more children!The role of women The Nazis had clear ideas of what they wanted from women. Women were expected to stay at home and look after the family. Women doctors, teachers and civil servants were forced to give up their careers. Even at the end of the war, women were never asked to serve in the armed forces. Their job was to keep the home nice for their husband and family – their life should revolve round the three ‘Ks': †¢ church †¢ children †¢ cooking Goebbels said: â€Å"The mission of women is to be beautiful and to bring children into the world. † Hitler wanted a high birth rate, so the population would grow.The Nazis even considered making it law that families should have at least four children. Girls did keep fit in the BDM [BDM: Bund Deutscher Madel – the German group for girls age 14+ ] to make themselves healthy for childbirth, but they were discouraged from staying slim, because it was thought that thin women had trouble giving birth. The Law for the Encouragement of Marriage gave newly wed couples a loan of 1,000 marks, and allowed them to keep 250 marks for each child they had. Mothers who had more than eight children were given a gold medal.Unmarried women could volunteer to have a baby for an Aryan [Aryan: a person of European decent (not Jewish) often with blond hair and blue eyes – the Nazis viewed as the superior human race ] member of the SS Women were supposed to emulate traditional German peasant fashions – plain peasant costumes, hair in plaits or buns and flat shoes. They were not expected to wear make-up or trousers, dye their hair or smoke in public. Opposition Those who spoke out against Hitler and his policies faced intimidation and threats from the Gestapo or imprisonment and in some cases execution.However, there were so me brave individuals and groups who openly opposed Hitler and his policies. Who opposed Hilter? It was difficult – and dangerous – to oppose Hitler. However, some brave people did try: 1. The Catholic Archbishop of Munster, von Galen, led a successful campaign to end euthanasia of mentally-disabled people. 2. Some Catholic priests opposed Hitler. In 1937, the Pope's message ‘With Burning Concern' attacked Hitler as ‘a mad prophet with repulsive arrogance' and was read in every Catholic church. 3. The White Rose group was formed by students at Munich University.They published anti-Nazi leaflets, but were discovered and executed in 1944. 4. A paramilitary wing of the Social Democratic Party, called the Reichsbanner, sabotaged railway lines and acted as spies. 5. During the war, ‘swing' groups were formed. These were young people who rejected Nazi values, drank alcohol and danced to jazz. More violent groups were called the Edelweiss Pirates. They daubed anti-Nazi slogans, sheltered deserters and beat up Nazi officials. In 1944, the Cologne Pirates (the Edelweiss Pirates based in Cologne) killed the Gestapo chief, so the Nazis publicly hanged 12 of them. . Many Protestant pastors, led by Martin Niemoller, formed the Confessional Church in opposition to Hitler's Reich Church. Niemoller was held in a concentration camp during the period 1937-1945. Another Protestant pastor, Dietrich Bonhoffer, took part in the 1944 bomb plot and was executed. 7. In 1944, a group of army officers and intellectuals called the Kreisau Circle tried to bomb Hitler. The bomb was planted by Colonel Stauffenberg. It exploded, but Hitler survived. In retaliation, 5,000 people were executed. Persecution Who did the Nazis persecute?The Nazis believed that only Germans could be citizens and that non-Germans did not have any right to the rights of citizenship. The Nazis racial philosophy taught that some races were untermensch (sub-human). Many scientists at this time believed that people with disabilities or social problems were genetic degenerates whose genes needed to be eliminated from the human bloodline. The Nazis, therefore: †¢ Tried to eliminate the Jews. †¢ Killed 85 per cent of Germany's Gypsies. †¢ Sterilised black people. †¢ Killed mentally disabled babies. †¢ Killed mentally ill patients. †¢ Sterilised physically disabled people and people with hereditary diseases. Sterilised deaf people. †¢ Put homosexuals, prostitutes, Jehovah's Witnesses, alcoholics, pacifists, beggars, hooligans and criminals – who they regarded as anti-social – into concentration camps. How the Nazis persecuted the Jews: key dates 1933 †¢ Boycott of Jewish businesses. †¢ Jewish civil servants, lawyers and teachers sacked. †¢ Race Science lessons to teach that Jews are inferior 1935 †¢ ‘Jews not wanted here' signs put up at swimming pools etc. †¢ Nuremberg laws (15 September) Je ws could not be citizens. They were not allowed to vote or to marry a German. 1938 †¢ Jews could not be doctors. Jews had to add the name Israel (men) or Sarah (women) to their name. †¢ Jewish children forbidden to go to school. †¢ Kristallnacht (9 November) – attacks on Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues [Synagogues: These are places of Jewish worship and community. ]. [pic] A shop damaged during Kristallnacht 1939 †¢ Jews were forced to live in ghettoes. 1941 †¢ Army Einsatzgruppen squads in Russia started mass-shootings of Jews. †¢ All Jews were forced to wear a yellow star of David. 1942 †¢ Wansee Conference (20 January) decided on the Final Solution, which was to gas all Europe's Jews.The main death camps were at Auschwitz, Treblinka and Sobibor. Economic policies and benefits Hitler's economic policy had four main ideas: 1. Full employment – the idea that everyone should have a job. By 1939, there was virtually no unemploym ent in Germany. 2. Beauty of Work – the Nazis set up the SdA (Beauty of Work) to help Germans see that work was good, and that everyone who could work should. In fact – because the Nazis had abolished the trade unions, banned strikes, and given more power to the industrialists – real wages fell and hours were longer under Hitler. 3. Re-armament begun in 1935 – the idea of ‘guns before butter'. . Autarky – there was an unsuccessful attempt at making Germany self-sufficient.The good life in Nazi Germany Despite the loss of political and religious freedom, life improved in Germany for many ordinary people who were prepared to ‘toe the line' and look the other way. †¢ Everybody had a job, and a wage. To people who had been unemployed and starving, ‘work and bread' was a wonderful blessing worth every civil liberty they lost. †¢ The Nazis set up KdF (Strength through Joy), which gave workers rewards for their work – ev ening classes, theatre trips, picnics, and even free holidays. The Nazis devised a scheme to allow workers to buy a Volkswagen Beetle car for a small weekly payment. †¢ People appreciated the public works – eg new schools and hospitals. †¢ Nazi Youth groups provided activities and holidays for young people. How Hitler increased employment Hitler introduced many policies to fulfil his goal of full employment: †¢ He stopped paying reparations and invested the money in German companies. †¢ He began a huge programme of public works including planting forests, and building hospitals and schools. He also built public buildings such as the 1936 Olympic Stadium.The construction of the autobahns created work for 80,000 men. †¢ Rearmament created jobs in the armaments industry. †¢ The introduction of national service meant all young men spent six months in the RAD [RAD: The labour service in which young men in Germany had to do a six-month compulsory stint . ] and then they were conscripted into the army. By 1939, 1. 4 million men were in the army, so they were not counted as unemployed. †¢ Many Jews were sacked and their jobs given to non-Jews. †¢ Many women were sacked and their jobs given to men.

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